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Upward pull of sap creates tension in vessel elements and tracheids → pulls the walls inward
Upward pull of sap creates tension in vessel elements and tracheids → pulls the walls inward
Forums The Undercurrent it's literally just biology
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Lowers water potential in root xylem → water flows passively in from the soil
Lowers water potential in root xylem → water flows passively in from the soil
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Cavitation - formation of a water vapor pocket, breaks the chain of water molecules needed for transpirational pull
Cavitation - formation of a water vapor pocket, breaks the chain of water molecules needed for transpirational pull
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Common in vessel elements (wider), occurs during drought or winter (xylem sap freezes)
Common in vessel elements (wider), occurs during drought or winter (xylem sap freezes)
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Chain of water molecules can avoid these air bubbles by going through pits between adjacent tracheids or vessel elements
Chain of water molecules can avoid these air bubbles by going through pits between adjacent tracheids or vessel elements
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Secondary growth adds new xylem each year (only youngest secondary xylem transports water)
Secondary growth adds new xylem each year (only youngest secondary xylem transports water)
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Bulk flow is driven by differences in ѰP (ѰS is not a factor) → water potential gradient in xylem is a pressure gradient
Bulk flow is driven by differences in ѰP (ѰS is not a factor) → water potential gradient in xylem is a pressure gradient
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Flow doesn’t occur across plasma membranes of living cells - instead, within hollow, dead cells
Flow doesn’t occur across plasma membranes of living cells - instead, within hollow, dead cells
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No energy required - sunlight drives transpiration and lowers water potential in leaf air spaces
No energy required - sunlight drives transpiration and lowers water potential in leaf air spaces
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Leaves - large SA enhances light absorption, high surface-to-volume ratio aids in gas exchange
Leaves - large SA enhances light absorption, high surface-to-volume ratio aids in gas exchange
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Stomatal guard cells help balance a plant’s requirement to conserve water and perform photosynthesis
Stomatal guard cells help balance a plant’s requirement to conserve water and perform photosynthesis
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Stomata - main avenue of water loss. Flanked by a pair of guard cells that change shape to widen or narrow the gap
Stomata - main avenue of water loss. Flanked by a pair of guard cells that change shape to widen or narrow the gap
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Stomatal density is under both genetic (natural selection) and environmental (plastic) control
Stomatal density is under both genetic (natural selection) and environmental (plastic) control
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Having you as a Voltie would be awesome.