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Forums The Undercurrent just studying out loud here

Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/1 20:29:58 )

Probably dont bother reading this. I find that I retain information better when I type it rather than writing traditionally, and my notes might be absolutely nonsensical or sometimes incorrect as I'm trying to piece together literal anatomy.

Maybe this will help me think clearer, maybe it wont.
I've been too overwhelmed by papers to continue that way anywho ;v;

WARNING: If I post any images they will be in spoilers. DONT CLICK THE SPOILERS without reading any warnings ahead of time, just in case, if you get disturbed by skeletal or muscular features. Nothing will be real photos, but still~ <3
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/1 20:47:24 )

Forearm and Hand muscles:

Anterior view

Intermediate layers
☃ Pronator Teres
☃ Flexor digitorum superficialis
☃ Flexor pollicis longus
☃ Flexor retinaculum
☃ Flexor digitorum profundus

Lateral view

Brachioradialis
A: flex the elbow
assist pronate and supinate when resisted
O: proximal 2/3's of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
A: extend the wrist
abduct the wrist
assist to flex the elbow
O: longus = distal 1/3rd of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
brevis = common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: longus = base of second metacarpal
brevis = base of third metacarpal

Extensor carpi ulnaris
A: extend the wrist
adduct the wrist
O: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal

Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum
A: extend the 2nd - 5th fingers
assist to extend the wrist
O: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd - 5th fingers

Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/1 21:26:41 )

Midterm Vocabulary junk

Adipose = Tissue with a gelatinous consistency

Aponeurosis = A broad, flat tendon

Artery = A vessel in which a pulse can be felt

Bone = Easy to distinguish by its solid feel

Bursa = A small, fluid filled sac that reduces friction between two structures

Fascia = Two types - superficial and deep

Ligament = A structure connecting bones together at a joint

Tendon = Attaches muscle to bone

Lymph node = bean shaped, ranging in size from pea to almond

Muscle = A voluntary contractile tissue that moves the skeleton

Nerve = A tube shaped vessel that becomes tender when compressed

Retinaculum = A transverse thickening of deep fascia, strapping down tendons

Skin = the largest organ in the body

Vein = A vessel easily seen on the dorsal surface of the hand
---------------

Anterior (ventral) = further toward the front of the body
deep = A structure deeper in the body
Distal = A structure of the arm or leg that is further away from the trunk.
Inferior = A structure closer to the feet
Lateral = further away from the midline of the body
Medial = Closer to the midline of the body
Posterior = further toward the back of the body
Proximal = A structure of the arm or leg that is closer to the trunk
Superficial = A structure closer to the body's surface
Superior = A structure closer to the head

--------------

Body Regions~
Facial
Mandibular
Supraclavicular
Pectoral
Axillary
Brachial
Cubital, Antecubital
Abdominal
Inguinal
Pubic
Femoral
Patellar
Crural
Dorsal
Plantar
Palmar

~ Backside
Cranial
Cephalic
Cervical
Acromial
Scapular
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Pelvic
Gluteal
Popliteal
Sural
Carpal
Dorsal
Digital
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/1 21:36:54 )
Midterm junk to memorize

Deltoid
the origin is identical to the insertion of the trapezius.
deltoid is divided into 3 segments: anterior, middle and posterior fibers.

Actions --
all fibers abduct the shoulder
anterior fibers flex the shoulder
medially rotate the shoulder
horizontally adduct the shoulder

Origin --
lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula

Insert --
deltoid tuberosity
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 01:30:53 )

Latissimus Dorsi
Lats middle portion next to the lateral border of the scapula are easier to grasp
To feel the fibers contract, medially rotate their shoulder against resistance

Origin --
inferior angle of scapula,
spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae
last 3-4 ribs
thoracolumbar aponeurosis
posterior iliac crest

Teres Major
Bony landmark = scapula's medial border

Actions --
extend the shoulder
adduct the shoulder
medially rotate the shoulder

Insert --
crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 01:38:36 )

Rotator Cuff Muscles

Supraspinatus
in the supraspinous fossa, deep to trap's upper fibers

Actions --
abduct the shoulder

Origins --
supraspinous fossa

Insert --
Greater tubercle of the humerus


Infraspinatus
synergist with the teres minor in lateral rotation
dense quality due to multipennate fibers and thick superficial fascia
to locate tendons, flex 90 degrees then horizontally adduct + laterally rotate

Actions --
laterally rotate shoulder
adduct shoulder
stabilize head of humerus in GH cavity

Teres Minor
synergist with Infraspinatus in lateral rotation
antagonist with teres major in rotation of humerus

Actions --
laterally rotate shoulder
adduct shoulder
stabilize humerus in GH cavity

Origin --
Upper 2/3rds of lateral border of the scapula

Insert --
greater tubercle of humerus


Subscapularis
sandwiched between subscapular fossa and serratus anterior
when palpating, slide fingers under latissimus dorsi and teres major

Action --
medially rotate shoulder
stabilize humerus in GH cavity

Origin --
subscapular fossa of scapula

Insert --
Lesser tubercle of humerus
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 01:45:38 )

Rhomboid Major and Minor
deep to trapezius and superficial to eretor spinae

Actions --
adduct scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
elevate scapula
downwardly rotate scapula

Origins --
major - spinous process T2 and T5
minor - spinous process C7 and T1

Insert --
major - medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle
minor - upper portion of medial border scapula, across from spine

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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 01:48:47 )

Pectoralis Major
(think I typed this out already but doing again to be clear)

divided into 3 segments:
clavicular, sternal and costal fibers

fibers blend laterally into deltoid and attach at greater tubercle.

Origins --
medial half of clavicle
sternum
cartilage of 1st-6th ribs
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 02:14:45 )

Biceps Brachii

primary muscle of forearm supination.

Action --
flex elbow (humeroulnar joint)
supinate forearm

Origin --
coracoid process of scapula


Coracobrachialis
deep to anterior deltoid and pectoralis major
to locate belly, slide off of pectoralis major

Actions --
flex the shoulder
adduct shoulder

Origin --
coracoid process

Insert --
medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
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Voltie — she/her Posted 5 years ago ( 2019/12/10 02:28:38 )

body type, muscular contraction and other factors affect the positioning of the scapulae.

transverse process of cervicals extend inferiorly from the mastoid process and many are deep to the sternocleidomastoid.

lamina groove is the troughlike space between spinous and transverse processes of the vertebrae

Erector Spinae group
longissimus, iliocostalis, spinalis

Action --
unilaterally = laterally flex vertebral column to same side
bilaterally extend vertebral column


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