Forums The Undercurrent just studying out loud here
Probably dont bother reading this. I find that I retain information better when I type it rather than writing traditionally, and my notes might be absolutely nonsensical or sometimes incorrect as I'm trying to piece together literal anatomy.
Maybe this will help me think clearer, maybe it wont.
I've been too overwhelmed by papers to continue that way anywho ;v;
WARNING: If I post any images they will be in spoilers. DONT CLICK THE SPOILERS without reading any warnings ahead of time, just in case, if you get disturbed by skeletal or muscular features. Nothing will be real photos, but still~ <3
Forearm and Hand muscles:
Anterior view
Intermediate layers
☃ Pronator Teres
☃ Flexor digitorum superficialis
☃ Flexor pollicis longus
☃ Flexor retinaculum
☃ Flexor digitorum profundus
Lateral view
☃ Brachioradialis
A: flex the elbow
assist pronate and supinate when resisted
O: proximal 2/3's of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: styloid process of radius
☃ Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
A: extend the wrist
abduct the wrist
assist to flex the elbow
O: longus = distal 1/3rd of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
brevis = common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: longus = base of second metacarpal
brevis = base of third metacarpal
☃ Extensor carpi ulnaris
A: extend the wrist
adduct the wrist
O: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpal
☃ Extensor digiti minimi
☃ Extensor digitorum
A: extend the 2nd - 5th fingers
assist to extend the wrist
O: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd - 5th fingers
☃ Abductor pollicis longus
☃ Extensor pollicis brevis
☃ Extensor pollicis longus
Midterm Vocabulary junk
Adipose = Tissue with a gelatinous consistency
Aponeurosis = A broad, flat tendon
Artery = A vessel in which a pulse can be felt
Bone = Easy to distinguish by its solid feel
Bursa = A small, fluid filled sac that reduces friction between two structures
Fascia = Two types - superficial and deep
Ligament = A structure connecting bones together at a joint
Tendon = Attaches muscle to bone
Lymph node = bean shaped, ranging in size from pea to almond
Muscle = A voluntary contractile tissue that moves the skeleton
Nerve = A tube shaped vessel that becomes tender when compressed
Retinaculum = A transverse thickening of deep fascia, strapping down tendons
Skin = the largest organ in the body
Vein = A vessel easily seen on the dorsal surface of the hand
---------------
Anterior (ventral) = further toward the front of the body
deep = A structure deeper in the body
Distal = A structure of the arm or leg that is further away from the trunk.
Inferior = A structure closer to the feet
Lateral = further away from the midline of the body
Medial = Closer to the midline of the body
Posterior = further toward the back of the body
Proximal = A structure of the arm or leg that is closer to the trunk
Superficial = A structure closer to the body's surface
Superior = A structure closer to the head
--------------
Body Regions~
Facial
Mandibular
Supraclavicular
Pectoral
Axillary
Brachial
Cubital, Antecubital
Abdominal
Inguinal
Pubic
Femoral
Patellar
Crural
Dorsal
Plantar
Palmar
~ Backside
Cranial
Cephalic
Cervical
Acromial
Scapular
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Pelvic
Gluteal
Popliteal
Sural
Carpal
Dorsal
Digital
Midterm junk to memorize
Deltoid
the origin is identical to the insertion of the trapezius.
deltoid is divided into 3 segments: anterior, middle and posterior fibers.
Actions --
all fibers abduct the shoulder
anterior fibers flex the shoulder
medially rotate the shoulder
horizontally adduct the shoulder
Origin --
lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula
Insert --
deltoid tuberosity
Deltoid
the origin is identical to the insertion of the trapezius.
deltoid is divided into 3 segments: anterior, middle and posterior fibers.
Actions --
all fibers abduct the shoulder
anterior fibers flex the shoulder
medially rotate the shoulder
horizontally adduct the shoulder
Origin --
lateral 1/3rd of clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula
Insert --
deltoid tuberosity
Latissimus Dorsi
Lats middle portion next to the lateral border of the scapula are easier to grasp
To feel the fibers contract, medially rotate their shoulder against resistance
Origin --
inferior angle of scapula,
spinous processes of last 6 thoracic vertebrae
last 3-4 ribs
thoracolumbar aponeurosis
posterior iliac crest
Teres Major
Bony landmark = scapula's medial border
Actions --
extend the shoulder
adduct the shoulder
medially rotate the shoulder
Insert --
crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Supraspinatus
in the supraspinous fossa, deep to trap's upper fibers
Actions --
abduct the shoulder
Origins --
supraspinous fossa
Insert --
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Infraspinatus
synergist with the teres minor in lateral rotation
dense quality due to multipennate fibers and thick superficial fascia
to locate tendons, flex 90 degrees then horizontally adduct + laterally rotate
Actions --
laterally rotate shoulder
adduct shoulder
stabilize head of humerus in GH cavity
Teres Minor
synergist with Infraspinatus in lateral rotation
antagonist with teres major in rotation of humerus
Actions --
laterally rotate shoulder
adduct shoulder
stabilize humerus in GH cavity
Origin --
Upper 2/3rds of lateral border of the scapula
Insert --
greater tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis
sandwiched between subscapular fossa and serratus anterior
when palpating, slide fingers under latissimus dorsi and teres major
Action --
medially rotate shoulder
stabilize humerus in GH cavity
Origin --
subscapular fossa of scapula
Insert --
Lesser tubercle of humerus
Rhomboid Major and Minor
deep to trapezius and superficial to eretor spinae
Actions --
adduct scapula (scapulothoracic joint)
elevate scapula
downwardly rotate scapula
Origins --
major - spinous process T2 and T5
minor - spinous process C7 and T1
Insert --
major - medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle
minor - upper portion of medial border scapula, across from spine
Biceps Brachii
primary muscle of forearm supination.
Action --
flex elbow (humeroulnar joint)
supinate forearm
Origin --
coracoid process of scapula
Coracobrachialis
deep to anterior deltoid and pectoralis major
to locate belly, slide off of pectoralis major
Actions --
flex the shoulder
adduct shoulder
Origin --
coracoid process
Insert --
medial surface of mid-humeral shaft
body type, muscular contraction and other factors affect the positioning of the scapulae.
transverse process of cervicals extend inferiorly from the mastoid process and many are deep to the sternocleidomastoid.
lamina groove is the troughlike space between spinous and transverse processes of the vertebrae
Erector Spinae group
longissimus, iliocostalis, spinalis
Action --
unilaterally = laterally flex vertebral column to same side
bilaterally extend vertebral column
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Having you as a Voltie would be awesome.