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Mesophyll - leaf ground tissue. Parenchyma cells (photosynthesis)
Mesophyll - leaf ground tissue. Parenchyma cells (photosynthesis)
Forums The Undercurrent it's literally just biology
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Eudicots - palisade (upper, elongated parenchyma) and spongy (lower, air spaces for gas circulation)
Eudicots - palisade (upper, elongated parenchyma) and spongy (lower, air spaces for gas circulation)
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Leaf veins are enclosed by protective bundle sheath - regulates movement of substances between vascular tissue and mesophyll
Leaf veins are enclosed by protective bundle sheath - regulates movement of substances between vascular tissue and mesophyll
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secondary growth occurs in older regions of stems and roots of all gymnosperms and most eudicots
secondary growth occurs in older regions of stems and roots of all gymnosperms and most eudicots
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Parallel initials elongate → tracheids, vessel elements, fibers (xylem) + sieve-tube elements, companion cells, parenchyma, fibers (phloem)
Parallel initials elongate → tracheids, vessel elements, fibers (xylem) + sieve-tube elements, companion cells, parenchyma, fibers (phloem)
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Perpendicular initials (short) → vascular rays (parenchyma cells, connect secondary xylem and phloem), move water/nutrients between the two layers, store carbs, wound repair
Perpendicular initials (short) → vascular rays (parenchyma cells, connect secondary xylem and phloem), move water/nutrients between the two layers, store carbs, wound repair
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Each new layer of secondary xylem (wood) has larger circumference - walls are lignified
Each new layer of secondary xylem (wood) has larger circumference - walls are lignified
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Early/spring wood - large diameters, thin cell walls → max delivery of water to leaves
Early/spring wood - large diameters, thin cell walls → max delivery of water to leaves
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Heartwood - old secondary xylem, in center of stem/root, darker due to resins that protect it from fungi/insects
Heartwood - old secondary xylem, in center of stem/root, darker due to resins that protect it from fungi/insects
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Sapwood - outer layer of new secondary xylem, transport xylem sap (water/minerals)
Sapwood - outer layer of new secondary xylem, transport xylem sap (water/minerals)
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Cork cambium - cylinder of meristem in the outer cortex of stems and pericycle in roots
Cork cambium - cylinder of meristem in the outer cortex of stems and pericycle in roots
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Produces cork cells that replace the epidermis → deposit waxy, hydrophobic suberin in cell walls and then die → waxy cork layer prevents water loss, physical damage, and pathogen attack
Produces cork cells that replace the epidermis → deposit waxy, hydrophobic suberin in cell walls and then die → waxy cork layer prevents water loss, physical damage, and pathogen attack
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Lenticels (horizontal slits) - cork cells more spaced out, allow gas exchange thru periderm
Lenticels (horizontal slits) - cork cells more spaced out, allow gas exchange thru periderm
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Having you as a Voltie would be awesome.